Crash bar

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Crash bar (also known as panic exit, panic bar, or push bar ) is a type of door opening mechanism which allows the user to open the door by pushing a bar. While originally conceived as a way to prevent the stamp in an emergency, the crash bar is now used as the main door opening mechanism in many commercial buildings.

This device consists of a metal spring bar mounted horizontally to a door that leads to the exit. When the bar is pressed, it activates the mechanism that opens the door, allowing the occupants to leave immediately.

Modern fire standards often mandate that doors are installed with crash bars in commercial and other places where mass evacuations may be slowed by other types of door openers.

Sometimes they are intended only for emergency use and may be equipped with an alarm.

However, in many buildings, the function of the crossbar serves as the primary mechanism for opening the door under normal circumstances as well. In some places, they are even used when not required by the code because they are faster and easier for the user compared to the handle of the knob or lever.

Video Crash bar

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Following the catastrophic events at the Victoria Hall in Sunderland, England in 1883 where 183 children died because a door had been locked at the bottom of the stairs, the British government initiated legal steps to enforce minimum standards for establishing salvation. This slowly leads to the legal requirement that places should have a minimum number of external opening doors and locks that can be opened from within. Motivated by the Sunderland disaster, Robert Alexander Briggs (1868 - 1963) discovered a panic bolt given a British patent on August 13, 1892.

But this movement is not copied globally. For example, in the United States, 605 people died in the Iroquois Theater Fire in Chicago in December 1903 because the iron gates blocked the way out. Five years later 174 people in Ohio died in a Collinwood school fire, causing a national outcry in the US for greater fire safety in buildings.

Maps Crash bar

Implementation and use

By the end of the 20th century, most countries had building codes (or regulations) that required all public buildings to have a minimum number of fires and emergency exits. Crash bars are installed for these types of doors because they are proven to save lives in human cap events. Panic can often occur during mass evacuation caused by fire or explosion.

In an emergency exit event is required, the crash bar works efficiently to allow people to pass through security doors without reducing speed. The rapid collision work mechanism reduces the risk that a rushed crowd may suddenly become a trap at the exit. Such a situation of human assault, which has many historical precedents, can cause fallout, destruction, and other injuries because the back of the crowd does not know that the people in front of the crowd have found a door.

Crash bars are usually found on doors that require emergency exits that serve a certain type or number of occupants. Common locations include doors that provide an exit from the assembly area, doors that serve many occupants, or doors serving dangerous areas. For buildings subject to the International Building Code, or locally adopted variations, they are required for certain health care, education, or assembly rooms, generally related to the number of residents who exit through a given door.

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Dogging

In some applications, such as shop entrances, panic bars may get stuck during business hours. Dogging is a common feature in a panic bar where a bar is pulled by a key - freeing the door to swing without sticking. This allows the customer to apply the style to any part of the door, not just the bar, to open it.

Dogging is different from simple unlocking, which allows the user to open the door from both ends but still requires performing an action to release the lock. However, in apps where the outer side contains a lever that can not move, it is usually impossible to unlock the collision bar without also shaking it.

Dogging should be avoided in high wind areas where doors are vulnerable open.

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Use worldwide

European Union

In the EU, panic panels are set by the EN 1125 standard, The panic out device is operated by horizontal bar . Like other EN family standards, the English version is produced by the British Standards Institution and uses the BS EN 1125 call alert. A panic pan is required to meet this standard to carry CE marking and is thus sold in the European Economy. Area.

In 2008, the standard was updated to include alpha-numeric labeling schemes. In this system, the product is tested for various benchmarks and given the appropriate letter or number. The product must achieve a minimum quality score to receive general CE approval. The 9 rating categories are:

1. Usage Categories
2. Number of Test Cycles
3. Test Door Mass
4. Hold Fire
5. Security
6. Corrosion Resistance
7. Security
8. Device projection
9. Device type

EN 1125 is one of the two standards that set outbound devices in the EU. The other standard, EN 179, regulates door handles, thrust bearings, and other outlet devices with an emergency release function.

However, EN 179 devices will only be used in locations where people are "familiar with emergency exits and hardware and therefore panic situations are unlikely to arise." Examples of places where EN 179 hardware can be used instead of EN 1125 panic bars include small apartment buildings and offices.

United States

The first panic, created by Von Duprin, was available in 1908 in many models and configurations.

In the US, building out requirements is generally controlled by model codes like the International Building Code and/or the NFPA Life Safety Code. Adoption of regulations varies by location and can occur at the city, county, or state level.

The model code usually comes with locally adopted amendments. Additional terms may be imposed on sites of Authority Having Jurisdiction such as local fire marshal. Factors to be considered when requiring device exits include the number of residents who will need to go in an emergency, availability of the nearest exit, and proximity to hazard or chemical equipment.

Differences in European Design vs. North America

In Europe, it is important that most panic bars are of a cross bar type, called Type A in the EN standard of 1125. This is in stark contrast to North American architectural design, which last year switched to using the dominant touch bar (EN 1125 Type B) in construction new.

In Europe, the use of panic bars is generally limited to the required application code. On the other hand, in the US and Canada, commercial building design bars are often used even when not required by the code. This is because the blades are seen as a simpler opening mechanism for the user than the lever knob or lever. And while people generally prefer to open automatic door solutions for both of these options, automatic doors can be expensive to install and maintain.

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References

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Further reading

United Kingdom

• English Standards related to Panic Hardware

United States

• SAFETY AND HEALTH STANDARDS, 29 cfr 1910.36
• National Fire Protection Association 101, Life Safety Code, 2012;
• NATIONAL ELECTRICAL CODE (NEC) 2011

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External links

• Media related to Push bar in Wikimedia Commons

Source of the article : Wikipedia