Cultural variations in adoption

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There are several cultural variations of in adoption , which are arrangements whereby a child whose biological parents can not care for him is "adopted" and given the same legal and social status as if he/she is a biological child of the parent lift. While all societies make provision for raising children whose parents are not available, not all cultures have the same system or understanding of adoption as in the western sense.

For example, under an adoption system, if a parent dies, the adopted child stands in the same position of inheritance as a biological child. In the adoption system, the child can also inherit the parent offspring ranking. Thus, in pre-modern Japan, which has a correct adoption system, a child may inherit a parent's aristocracy degree or samurai rank, while in England (which only introduces the adoption of law in 1926), only a biological child who can inherit an aristocratic title, even if raising or providing children without parents is a common practice.

Video Cultural variations in adoption

Arab

In Arab culture, if a child is adopted, he is traditionally not a "child" or a "daughter", but rather as an adopting nanny environment. The child's surname does not change to the name of the adoptive parent, who is generally acknowledged as a "guardian", making it close to other nations systems to care for. Other common rules governing adoption in Islamic culture are inheritance, marriage rules, and the fact that adoptive parents are regarded as guardians of other children's children rather than new parents of children. In addition, Islamic countries like Iraq and Malaysia have a ban on a child from Muslim parents who are adopted by non-Muslim individuals.

Maps Cultural variations in adoption

Korean

In traditional Korean culture, adoption almost always occurs when other family members (siblings or cousins) give sons to the heirs of the first born male family. Non-family adoption is rare. This is also the reason why most orphaned children have been exported to countries like the United States. This also applies to various levels in other Asian societies. To this day the orphanage is still common throughout South Korea.

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Africa

On the other hand, in many African cultures, children are often given to foster families. By giving their child to another family, the birth family is trying to create a lasting bond with the adoptive family. The assigned family can accept another child from that family, or from another. In the same way as giving their children for adoption, the exchange of female relatives from one family to another, to marriage, is meant to create lasting connections and social solidarity between families and lineages. Among the Mbuti people, sister exchange is a common form of marriage.

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India

There is no uniform adoption law in India; However, this statement is debatable. The 1956 Hindu Adoption and Maintenance Act allows only Hindus, Sikhs, Jains, and Buddhists to be adopted. Muslims, Christians, Jews and Parsees can be guardians only under the Wali and Wards Act of 1890. The guardianship ends after the child reaches the age of 18 years. For children adopted outside India, guardianship is provided in the hope that the child will be adopted by adoptive parents in the country where they live legally. The Government of India organizes the adoption of children in India domestically and between countries. [1]

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Polynesia

"Fluid adoption" is common in Polynesian cultures, and there is rarely any ties to biological families that are cut off, as has traditionally been the case with Western adoption. Many Europeans and Americans associate adoption as a solution to something wrong, eg. unwanted pregnancies (by genetic parents) or infertility (by adoptive parents). In contrast, some Polynesian cultures, for example in Sikaiana in the Solomon Islands, prefer children to move to different households. Principle is seen as a way of creating and maintaining close personal relationships, and parents have traditionally not refused to let others bring their children. The transfer of children between different caregivers and households is not exclusive, and they do not permanently separate children from their biological parents.

New Zealand M? Ori has a traditional adoption form that is practiced in a big family called wh? Ngai (M? Ori, "feeding"). Relationships with biological families are usually uninterrupted.

The Tahitians practiced fa'a'amu (literally "feeding") adoption. Its basic functions are comparable to other traditional adoption practices, especially in Africa; a child may be "awarded" by agreement or on the initiative of the family council for various reasons, and they may even be requested and given before birth.

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Tikopia

The traditional community of Tikopia (Solomon Islands) does not practice adoption as traditionally understood in Western societies. Not infrequently families leave children who have no parents, and adults without children sometimes take children from other families and raise them. Children, however, retain their father's tribal fathers affiliation, and inherit the land only from the property of the father's lineage, rather than belong to the lineage of the guardian.

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See also

• Adoption

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References

Source of the article : Wikipedia