Zaynab bint Jahsh (Arabic: ???? ??? ??? ?, c) 590-641) is a cousin and wife of Muhammad and therefore the Mother of the believers.
Video Zaynab bint Jahsh
Kehidupan awal
Zaynab's father was Jahsh ibn Riyab, an immigrant from the tribe of Asad ibn Khuzayma who had settled in Mecca under the protection of the Umayyad clan. His mother was Umaima bint Abdulmuttalib, a member of the Hashim clan of the Quraish tribe and the father of Muhammad's father. Therefore, Zaynab and his five siblings are Muhammad's first cousin.
Zaynab is described as "a perfect-looking woman," white-skinned and handsome, and small-sized. It is said that he quickly lost his temper but also calmed down quickly. He is a skilled tanner and leather worker. He went on with this job all his life, even after he no longer needed the money.
His first husband's name was unknown, but he had died in 622. At that time Zaynab, who had become a Muslim, was among those who accompanied his brother Abdullah at Hijra to Medina.
Maps Zaynab bint Jahsh
Second wedding
The state of the wedding
About 625 Muhammad proposed to Zaynab that he married his adopted son, Zayd ibn Harithah. Zayd was born in the tribe of Kalb but as a child he was kidnapped by slave traders. He has been sold to Khadijah bint Khuwaylid's nephew, who in turn has given him a wedding gift to her husband, Muhammad. After several years, Muhammad took Zayd and adopted him as his son.
Zaynab, supported by his brother Abdullah, initially rejected the proposal on the grounds that, "I am the widow of the Quraysh." They may mean that Zaynab's social status is too high to allow him to marry a former slave. It has been argued that this social distinction is precisely the reason why Muhammad wanted to organize marriage:
-
- "The Prophet is well aware that it is someone who stands in the eyes of an important God, rather than his status in the eyes of the people... their marriage will show that it is not who their ancestors are, but rather they stand by Allah, it important. "
He has also suggested that he wants to establish legitimacy and the right to equal treatment of those adopted. In contrast, Montgomery Watt shows that Zayd is high in Muhammad's self-esteem.
-
- "He could hardly think that he was not good enough.He was an ambitious woman, however, and may have been hoping to marry Muhammad, or he might want to marry someone with whom Muhammad did not want his family so close. "
When Muhammad announced a new verse from the Qur'an:
This is not for believing men or women who believe, when God and His Messenger have decided a problem, that they must [after] have a choice about their affairs. And whoever disobeys Allah and His Messenger is certainly lost in a clear error,
Zaynab agreed and married Zayd. Muhammad personally paid a dowry of 160 dirhams in cash, robes and veils, a coat of armor, 50 mudds of grain and 10 mudds from date.
The state of divorce
The marriage lasted less than two years. According to Ibn Sa`d and al-Tabari
"Zayd bin Harithah, who lives in the household of Muhammad and is considered his adopted son - so he is regularly called as Zayd, the son of Muhammad.Whether marriage between Zayd and Zaynab is greatest from the beginning is speculation, although the account states that Zayd hesitant to divorce his wife and allow her to marry Muhammad, Muhammad is depicted reluctantly to continue marriage because of his objections about whether to marry his adopted son's wife in violation of the prohibited marriage rate.Releved familial relationship not based on blood relation: parenting (already treated from the same woman) is one such relationship, the question of whether adoption falls into this category is definitely not clear among Muslims. Wedding does not occur until after the Qur'an revelation is received, giving permission for believers to marry divorced wives of adopted sons they.
However, this story has been strongly rejected by most Muslim scholars primarily because it lacks the narrative chain and the complete absence of any authentic hadith. Some commentators find it implausible that Muhammad suddenly became aware of Zaynab's beauty one day after having known him all his life; if her beauty had been the reason for Muhammad to marry her, she would marry her alone in the first place rather than arranging her marriage to Zayd.
He divorced her in December 626.
Marry Muhammad
Preparation for marriage
Muhammad expects criticism if he marries Zaynab. Pre-Islamic habits are not approved of marriage between a man and his ex-wife's son. The Arab community will regard this unity as a big mistake; because they think an adopted son is really a "son", for a man to marry his adopted son's wife - even if he is divorced - is considered incest. Therefore, he "hid in his heart" the idea that he might marry her. This internal conflict is mentioned in Qur'an 33:37:
See! You have said to those who have received the grace of Allah and your favors: "Defend (your marriage) wife, and fear Allah." But you hide in your heart what God will show: You are afraid of people, but it is more appropriate that you should fear God. Then when Zaid has disbanded with him, with the necessary (formalities), We join him in marriage with you: that (in the future) there may be no difficulty for believers in marriage with the wives of the adoptive they, when the latter had been dissolved (the formalities) they needed (their marriage) with them. And the command of God must be fulfilled.
After this verse was announced, Muhammad went on to reject the existing Arab norms. After that the status of adoption law is not recognized under Islam. Zayd was again known by his real name "Zayd ibn Harithah" instead of "Zayd ibn Muhammad".
Orientalists have referred to this sura as an example of self-serving revelation reflecting the Prophet's wishes rather than God's will. Some Muslim historians have understood the difference between Muhammad's personal thoughts and his expressed words to refer, not the desire to marry Zaynab, but only for the prophetic prophecy that the marriage will take place.
Wedding
Muhammad married Zaynab soon after the waiting period of his divorce was completed, on 27 March 627. He went to his home when he did not expect it and without knocking. He asks: "Will it be like this, without a witness or guardian ( guardian ) for our union?" Muhammad replied: "Allah is a witness and Gabriel is the trustee."
Muhammad gave Zaynab deri 400 dirham . Then he held a wedding for her and slaughtered a sheep. Anas ibn Malik said there were more than seventy guests, and that no other wife of Muhammad was given such a big party. The guests stay late and continue to eat and drink in fancy affairs, and monopolize the bride. Mohammed wanted to celebrate his wedding night with Zaynab behind the curtain which was the door of his bedroom. It was when trying to send these guests home from this wedding (without offending them more than they had for their marriage to a divorced Zaynab), that Muhammad announced that women should be handled by men (other than close relatives) only from behind a screen. This has been interpreted as verse by some but not all Muslims.
And when you ask [his wife] for something, ask from behind the partition. It is purer for your heart and their heart.
Life in Medina
Aisha believed that Muhammad's favorite wife, after herself, was Zaynab and Ummu Salama. He said: "Zaynab is the same in my beauty and in the Prophet's love for him." Ummu Salama said of Zaynab: "The Prophet loved him and he was accustomed to himself."
Some traditions show conflict between Zaynab and his wife. He used to boast of them: "You are given in marriage by your family, while I marry (to the Prophet) by God of more than seven Heavens." Aisha reported that the wives were divided into two factions, one led by herself and the other by Umm Salama. Zaynab is allied with Umm Salama, along with Umm Habiba, Juwayriyya and Maymunah. In one quarrel, Zaynab shouted insulting Aisha when Muhammad was present. Aisha replied with "warm words until I calmed her down." Muhammad only commented that Aisha was "truly the daughter of Abu Bakr." Another time Zaynab refused to lend his backup camel to Safiyya; Muhammad was so angry that he had not spoken to Zaynab for more than two months. On two occasions, when Muhammad divided the food rewards among all his wives, Zaynab was not happy with his portion and sent it back to him.
But Zaynab defended Aisha when the latter was accused of adultery. Mohammed asked him if he knew anything about it, and Zaynab replied: "O Messenger of Allah, I refrain from confessing to hear or see what I have not heard or seen, by Allah, I know nothing but goodness about Aisha." Aisha admits: "I have never seen a woman who is more advanced in religious piety than Zaynab, more aware of God, more honest, more alive with blood ties, more generous and have more self-sacrifice in practical life and have more disposition of charity and thus closer to God, Your Majesty, than he is. "
Zaynab has a reputation for being prayerful. He prayed so much at night that he hung a string between the two pillars of the mosque and held it when he became too tired to prostrate. When Muhammad found the rope, he pulled it out and told him that when he was tired, he had to stop praying and sitting down.
Next life
After the death of Muhammad, Zaynab never left Medina again. She was a widow for nine years, during which time she told eleven ahadith .
He continues to work in tanning and leather crafts, and he gives all his profits in charity. Even when Caliph Umar sent him a pension of 12,000 dirhams which he permitted to all Muhammad's widows, Zaynab gave them all to poor families in Medina. At his death, his heirs did not find a single coin in his house.
Death
Zaynab died during the Caliph Umar in the summer of 641, becoming the first widow of Muhammad who died after him. He is 53 (lunar) years old.
See also
- Zaynab (name)
- Jahsh (name)
References
Source of the article : Wikipedia
0 Comments